| City dashboard (2022) | |
|---|---|
| Population | 7.1 million |
| Surface area (km2) | 2,300 |
| Mobility demand (km) | 66 billion |
| Mobility demand per person per day (km) | 25.2 |
| Mobility emissions (CO2e) | 4.8 megatons |
| Emissions per person per day (CO2e) | 1.82 kilograms |
Urban mobility global warming impact (2030)
0.0°C
Emissions reductions required to reach the 1.5°C target by 2030
-0%
0.0MtCO2e
Introduction
Paris offers a wide variety of mobility services, with a balanced modal share between cars (43%), public transit (36%), walking (16%), and other modes. Mobility demand is robust, as 66 billion kilometers (41 billion miles) were traveled in 2022, generating 4.8 MtCO2e.
And while personal cars account for less than half of trips made through Paris, they produce 86% of the city’s mobility emissions. Parisians should take advantage of new car-free zones, hundreds of kilometers of bike lanes, and a high density of metro stations.
More car alternatives are coming. As the host of the 2024 Summer Olympics, Paris has ramped up investments in public transport, shared mobility, cycling, and pedestrian infrastructure. These investments are critical to reaching the goals, such as achieving 100% decarbonized public transport, set in the city’s 2030 Climate Action Plan.
Current situation
Based on city plans, mobility demand is expected to grow by 9% by 2030 while CO2 emissions are expected to decrease by 24%, driven by greater electric vehicle adoption and metro modal share.
Current mobility trends predict that electric vehicles will continue to increase in market share because of the city’s ban on gasoline-powered cars beginning in 2030, as well as increased investments in charging infrastructure.
The Grand Paris Express Project, scheduled for completion by 2030, is Europe's largest transport infrastructure project and will double the length of Paris’ rail lines. Trains will run on 200 kilometers (124 miles) of new, automated tracks around the city, serving 68 new stations.
However, Paris’ commitments to address transport emissions are still roughly 1.4 MtCO2e short of the target, requiring an additional 39% decrease in emissions on top of current commitments by 2030 to stay within 1.5°C of warming.
Optimization
We explored four different optimization scenarios:
All the optimization scenarios get Paris to the 1.5°C target, but to do so requires shifts in behavior or reductions in demand. For example, the active mobility scenario would require each person to walk an additional three kilometers, or two miles, per day. The electrification scenario is the best fit for Paris due to the city’s low-carbon intensive, nuclear grid.
* indicates the scenario that achieves the greatest realistic emissions reduction
When simulating realistic modal shifts, achieving 1.5°C would not be possible. When allowing larger shifts, achieving 1.5°C would require extreme changes: a reduction in total mobility demand of 10% or approximately 3.0 kilometers (1.9 miles) per person per day compared to 2022.
Reduce personal car use:
Increase active mobility such as cycling:
Promote shared mobility:
When simulating realistic modal shifts, achieving 1.5°C would not be possible. When allowing larger shifts, achieving 1.5°C would require extreme changes: a reduction in total mobility demand of 8% or approximately 2.3 kilometers (1.4 miles) per person per day compared to 2022.
Reduce personal car use:
Accelerate electrification of the fleet:
Increase active mobility such as cycling:
When simulating realistic modal shifts, achieving 1.5°C would not be possible. When allowing larger shifts, achieving 1.5°C would require extreme changes: a reduction in total mobility demand of 10% or approximately 2.9 kilometers (1.8 miles) per person per day compared to 2022.
Reduce personal car use:
Increase active mobility such as cycling:
Promote shared mobilities:
When simulating realistic modal shifts, achieving 1.5°C would not be possible. When allowing larger shifts, achieving 1.5°C would not require a reduction in total mobility demand but would require extreme increases in active mobility compared to 2022.
Reduce personal car use:
Increase walking:
Increase cycling:
